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William F. Phelps
William Franklin Phelps (February 15, 1822 – August 15, 1907) was an educational pioneer and author of textbooks and training manuals for preparing individuals pursuing a career in education. He served as the president of several normal schools and educational associations along the eastern seaboard. Most notably, he served as the founder and president of the National Education Association (NEA),〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Alumni Association 150th Anniversary Exhibit )〕 and president of the American Normal School Association from 1856 to 1900 (44 years). He also served as the vice-president of the first International Conference of Educators, over which he presided at the centennial exposition in 1876.
== Personal life ==
Phelps was born in Auburn, New York, the son of Halsey and Lucinda (née Hitchcock) Phelps. He was descended from the puritan colonist, William Phelps. He studied at Auburn Academy and Auburn High School. In 1844, Phelps was appointed as a promising student from Cayuga County, New York to attend the New York State Normal School. This opportunity required a transfer to Albany. Phelps graduated with honors in 1846 from the first class of the Normal School in Albany and went on to teach at its Model School.〔
In 1852, Phelps was awarded an A.M. ''(artium magister)'' degree, also known as a Masters degree from Union College in Schenectady, New York. He married Carolyn Chapman, daughter of William Chapman of Albany, New York, and widow of Crawford Livingston. They had one daughter, Alice Livingston Phelps.
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